Archbishop Torkom Manoogian was born on February 16, 1919, in a refugee camp near the desert town of Baquba, north of Baghdad, Iraq. He was ordained into the diaconate on August 2, 1936, by Patriarch Torkom Koushagian. At his ordination as a priest on July 23, 1939, he was given the name Torkom. Manoogian served as Primate of the Eastern Diocese of the United States.[2] He was elected 96th Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem on March 22, 1990 and enthroned on November 1.