Nereid riding a sea-bull (latter 2nd century BC)
In Greek mythology, the Nereids (pronounced: /ˈnɪəriɪdz/ (NEER|ee-idz); Ancinet Greek: Νηρηΐδε, sg. Νηρηΐς) are sea nymphs (female spirits of sea waters), the fifty daughters of and Doris, sisters to Nerites. They were distinct from the mermaid-like Sirens. They often accompany Poseidon and can be friendly and helpful to sailors fighting perilous storms.
History[]
French Empire mantel clock (1822) depicting the nereid Galatea velificans
Nereids are particularly associated with the Aegean Sea, where they dwelt with their father in the depths within a silvery cave. The most notable of them are Thetis, wife of Peleus and mother of Achilles; Amphitrite, wife of Poseidon; and Galatea, love of the Cyclops Polyphemus.
In Iliad XVIII, when Thetis cries out in sympathy for the grief of Achilles for the slain Patroclus:
There gathered round her every goddess, every Nereid that was in the deep salt sea. Glauce was there and Thaleia and Cymodoce; Nesaea, Speio, Thoe and ox-eyed Halie; Cymothoe, Actaee and Limnoreia; Melite, Iaera, Amphithoe and Agaue; Doto, Proto, Pherusa and Dynamene; Dexamene, Amphinome and Callianeira; Doris, Panope and far-sung Galatea; Nemertes, Apseudes and Callianassa. Clymene came too, with Ianeira, Ianassa, Maera, Oreithuia, Amatheia of the lovely locks, and other Nereids of the salt sea depths. The silvery cave was full of nymphs.
– E.V. Rieu, translator
The Nereids are the namesake of one of the moons of the planet Neptune.
The nymph Opis is mentioned in Virgil's Aeneid. She is called on by the goddess Diana to avenge the death of the Amazon-like female warrior Camilla. Diana gives Opis magical weapons with which to take revenge on Camilla's killer, the Etruscan Arruns. Opis sees and laments Camilla's death and shoots Arruns in revenge as directed by Diana.[1]
Names[]
This list is correlated from four sources: the Bibliotheca, Hesiod, Homer, and Hyginus. Because of this the total number of names goes beyond fifty.[2]
- Actaea
- Agave
- Amathia
- Amphinome
- Amphithoe
- Amphitrite
- Apseudes
- Arethusa
- Asia
- Autonoe
- Beroe
- Callianassa
- Callianira
- Calypso
- Ceto
- Clio
- Clymene
- Cranto
- Creneis
- Cydippe
- Cymo
- Cymatolege
- Cymodoce
- Cymothoe
- Deiopea
- Dero
- Dexamene
- Dione
- Doris
- Doto
- Drymo
- Dynamene
- Eione
- Ephyra
- Erato
- Eucrante
- Eudore
- Eulimene
- Eumolpe
- Eunice
- Eupompe
- Eurydice
- Evagore
- Evarne
- Galene
- Galatea
- Glauce
- Glauconome
- Halie
- Halimede
- Hipponoe
- Hippothoe
- Iaera
- Ianassa
- Ianeira
- Ione
- Iphianassa
- Laomedeia
- Leiagore
- Leucothoe
- Ligea
- Limnoria
- Lycorias
- Lysianassa
- Maera
- Melite
- Menippe
- Nausithoe
- Neaera
- Nemertes
- Neomeris
- Nesaea
- Neso
- Opis
- Orithyia
- Panopea (Panope)
- Pasithea
- Pherusa
- Phyllodoce
- Plexaure
- Ploto
- Polynome
- Pontomedusa
- Pontoporeia
- Poulunoe
- Pronoe
- Proto
- Protomedeia
- Psamathe
- Sao
- Speio
- Thaleia
- Themisto
- Thetis
- Thoe
- Xantho
In modern Greek folklore, the term "nereid" (νεράϊδα, neráïda) has come to be used of all nymphs, or fairies, or mermaids, not merely nymphs of the sea.
The Nereids Fountain, by Lola Mora, Buenos Aires, Argentina
References[]
- ↑ Virgil: His life and times by Peter Levi, Duckworth, 1998
- ↑ NEREIDS, Greek Mythology Link – www.maicar.com
External links[]
- Nereids in classical literature and art
- Nereid and Triton Mosaic from Ephesus Terrace Home -2
- 3D stereoview of Nereid and Triton relief from Temple of Apollo in Didim
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This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original article was at Nereid. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. |