Panel of Jubal playing the flute by Nino Pisano, 1334–1336
Jubal (also Yuval, Yubal or Tubal; Hebrew: יוּבָל – Yūḇāl) is a Biblical figure in Genesis 4:21 of the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.[1] Mentioned only once, he is sometimes regarded by Christians, particularly by medieval commentators, as the 'inventor of music'. A descendant of Cain, his father is Lamech and his brother is Jabal.[1]
Biblical narrative[]
Jubal and Family, by Kristian Zahrtmann, 1876–1878
Jubal is only known from his appearance in Genesis 4:21 of the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.[1] The account describes him as a descendant of Cain and the son of Lamech and Adah. He is also a brother of Jabal, and half-brother of Tubal-cain and Naamah. Genesis credits him as the forefather of certain instruments: the kinnor (Hebrew: כנור) and ugab (עוגב). The translations of these vary depending on the edition:
| “ | "he was the ancestor of all those who play the lyre and pipe" (NRSV)[2] | ” |
| “ | "he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ" (KJV)[3] | ” |
| “ | "he was the father of all who play stringed instruments and pipes" (NIV)[4] | ” |
In Islamic sources[]
According to an unnamed Jewish source mentioned in Muhammad Al-Tabari's work History of the Prophets and Kings (915 CE), Jubal invented musical instruments during the time of Mahalalel.[5]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 McKinnon 2001.
- ↑ "Genesis 42.1 NRSV". BibleGateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%204%3A21&version=NRSV.
- ↑ "Genesis 42.1 KJV". King James Bible Online. https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Genesis-4-21/.
- ↑ "Genesis 4.21 – NIV". Biblica. https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:gen.4.21.
- ↑ The History of the Prophets ('A) & Kings
Sources[]
- Anderson, Gene H. (Spring 1983). "Pythagoras and the Origin of Music Theory". Indiana Theory Review 6 (3): 35–61.
- Beichner, Paul E. (1954). The Medieval Representative of Music, Jubal Or Tubalcain?. Notre Dame: Mediaeval Institute, University of Notre Dame. https://archive.org/details/medievalrepresen00n2beic.
- McKinnon, James W. (2001). "Jubal". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000014520.
- McKinnon, James W. (January 1978). "Jubal vel Pythagoras, quis sit inventor musicae?" (in English). The Musical Quarterly (Oxford University Press) 64 (1): 1–28.
- Steadman, John M. (December 1964). "The "Inharmonious Blacksmith": Spenser and the Pythagoras Legend". Publications of the Modern Language Association (Cambridge University Press) 79 (5): 664–665.
- Wright, Owen; Poché, Christian; Shiloah, Amnon (2001). "Arab music". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000001139.
External links[]
Media related to Jubal on Wikimedia Commons
 |
This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original article was at Jubal (Bible). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. |